李國文，黃孝明

(江西省水文監測中心，330002，南昌)

　　摘 要：2020年，鄱陽湖流域發生超歷史大洪水，湖區堤防險情多發頻發，3座萬畝以上圩堤相繼發生潰決。以防御鄱陽湖流域超歷史大洪水為例，在分析江西水文信息化現狀和發展規劃的基礎上，分別對智能感知監測系統、水文業務支撐系統、大數據分析技術，以及可視化會商系統在超歷史大洪水的應急監測，預警預報，調度分析及水情服務等工作中取得的實際應用效果利用大數據分析技術進行分析。結果表明，江西水文構建的水文信息化建設體系，在覆蓋范圍、自動化水平、工作效率效果、及時準確程度、預警預報分析手段等方面均取得較好成效，有效提升水文支撐保障能力，也為今后進一步強化信息化技術與水文業務深度融合，促使水文在防災減災方面提供更加全面、可靠、智能的服務夯實基礎。

　　關鍵詞：水文信息化;防汛;超歷史大洪水;鄱陽湖流域

　　Application of hydrological informatization in super-historical flood in Poyang Lake

　　LI Guowen, HUANG Xiaoming

　　(Jiangxi Hydrological Monitoring Center, Nanchang 330002, China)

　　Abstract: In 2020, a super-historical flood occurred in the Poyang Lake Basin, dike danger frequently occurred in the lake area, and three dikes over 10,000 mu broke out one after another. Taking super-historical flood prevention in the Poyang Lake Basin in 2020 as an example, this paper respectively analyses practical application effects of intelligent sensing monitoring system, hydrological business support system, big data analysis technology and visual consultation system in emergency monitoring, early warning and forecasting, dispatching analysis and hydro-regime services of super-historical floods. Results show that the hydrological informatization construction system, constructed by Jiangxi Hydrology, achieves good results in terms of coverage, automation level, work efficiency, timeliness and accuracy, early warning and forecasting analysis means, improves the capacity of hydrological support effectively. Also, the hydrological informatization construction system lays a solid foundation for further strengthening the deep integration of information technology and hydrology business in the future, and facilitating hydrology to provide more comprehensive, reliable and intelligent services in disaster prevention and alleviation.

　　Keywords: hydrological informatization; flood control; super-historical flood; Poyang Lake Basin