常高松，徐 翔，謝學成

(四川省水文水資源勘測局，四川 成都 610036)

　　摘要：隨著水利部大力推進智慧水利建設，智慧水利已成為全國水利行業發展的必然方向。為探索智慧水利在洪水預報和防洪調度中的應用成效，簡要說明四川省水旱災害防御形勢和預報調度技術發展現狀，以四川省智慧水利建設為切入點，系統介紹水旱災害防御智慧水利總框架，從感知層、支撐層、應用層對四川省洪水預報和防洪調度工作中的水文要素感知，信息存儲傳輸，值班管理，實時水雨情監測，防汛形勢分析，預報調度，水文應急分析，水情服務等關鍵環節進行詳細闡述。以智慧水利在四川省2020年流域性特大暴雨洪水過程為例，通過分析洪水作業預報精度和流域水庫群調度削峰滯洪成效，以及對比近年來防汛減災經濟效益增長情況等方式，說明智慧水利建設能夠大幅提升水文監測自動化、預警預報實時化、預報調度一體化、分析評價智能化水平，帶來更大的防汛減災效益。

　　關鍵詞：智慧水利;洪水預報;水庫調度

　　Application of smart water conservancy in flood forecast and flood control dispatching of Sichuan Province

　　CHANG Gaosong，XU Xiang，XIE Xuecheng

　　(Hydrological and Water Resources Survey Bureau of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610036, China

　　Abstract: With the Ministry of Water Resources vigorously promoting construction of smart water conservancy, it has become an inevitable direction for the development of water conservancy industry in China. In order to explore the application effect of intelligent water conservancy in flood forecasting and flood control dispatching, this paper briefly describes the situation of flood and drought disaster prevention in Sichuan Province and the development status of forecasting and dispatching technology. Taking the construction of intelligent water conservancy in Sichuan Province as the starting point, this paper systematically introduces the general framework of intelligent water conservancy for flood and drought disaster prevention. The paper gives detailed expound on key points such as hydrological element perception, information storage and transmission, on-duty management, real-time water and rain monitoring, flood prevention situation analysis, forecast and dispatch, hydrological emergency analysis and hydro-regime service, of flood forecasting and flood control dispatching, focusing on the perception layer, support layer and application layer. Taking the process of heavy rainstorm and flood in Sichuan Province in 2020 as an example, this paper analyzes the accuracy of flood operation forecasting and the effect of peak-cutting and flood-detention by reservoir group dispatching as well as compares the economic benefit growth of flood control and disaster reduction in recent years. Results show that the intelligent hydraulic construction can not only bring greater benefit of flood control and disaster reduction but also greatly improve the level of hydrological monitoring automatization, real-time forecasting, forecasting and dispatching integration and analysis and evaluation intellectualization.

　　Key words: smart water conservancy, flood forecasting, reservoir dispatching