劉慶濤1，蔡思宇2 ，沈紅霞1

　　(1.水利部信息中心，北京 100053;

　　2.中國水利水電科學研究院，北京 100038)

　　摘 要：為提高重點河湖生態流量動態監管能力，針對各地服務支撐生態流量監管業務系統與數字孿生流域建設提出的“四統一”不相適應，以及生態流量監測預警、統計分析、流量預測、成因分析、調度方案預演、預警響應等全過程監管能力不足等問題，圍繞業務管理需求，提出生態流量監管總體方案及“四預”業務應用總體架構。分析包括數據底板、模型庫、知識庫等內容的數字孿生平臺建設思路,以及基于圖數據庫的生態流量預警知識圖譜構建技術，提出包括監測告警、預測預警、水量調度預演、會商服務等功能的應用系統模塊建設思路，梳理生態流量監管“四預”業務流程，可為當前數字孿生流域建設先行先試和水資源管理與調配系統中的生態流量監管業務“四預”能力建設提供參考和借鑒意義。

　　關鍵詞：生態流量;流量監管;預報;預警;預演;預案;數字孿生;智慧水利

　　Exploration on application of “Four-Pre” business of ecological flow supervision

　　LIU Qingtao1 ，CAI Siyu2 ，SHEN Hongxia1

　　(1. Information Center，Ministry of Water Resources，Beijing 100053，China;

　　2. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research，Beijing 100038，China)

　　Abstract：In view of the problems that current ecological flow supervision system is incompatible with the “Four Consistency” principles proposed by the Digital Twin Basin, as well as the insufficient supervision ability of the whole process of ecological flow monitoring and warning, statistical analysis, flow prediction, cause analysis, scheduling scheme preview and early warning response, this paper proposes the overall scheme of ecological flow supervision and the general framework of “Four-Pre” business application with the focus on management requirements. The development of the overall scheme of the digital twin platform is analyzed including data baseboard, model library and knowledge library. The technology of developing ecological flow early warning knowledge map based on graph database is also analyzed. Based on the analysis, this paper proposes application system modules including monitoring and warning, forecasting and early warning, scheduling scheme preview, consultation service and other functions. Through sorting out the “Four-Pre” business process of ecological flow supervision, it can provide reference for current pilot development of Digital Twin Basin and improve the supervision capacity of ecological flow in water resources management.

　　Key words：ecological flow;flow supervision;forecast;early warning;preview;response plan;digital twin;water intelligence