朱珊珊1，錢健1，成宣宇2

（1. 云南省水文水資源局昆明分局，云南 昆明，650051；

2. 北京金水信息技術發展有限公司 北京西城區，100053）

　　摘要：地下水是水資源的重要組成部分，是不可或缺的供水水源和應急抗旱水源，地下水監測，可以實時掌握水位、水溫、水質等地下水動態信息，為管理部門提供決策依據。本文結合云南省國家地下水監測工程(水利部分)運行以來發生的數據延遲、缺報等問題，基于監測系統結構和運維服務，主要分析研究內容包括：（1）地下水監測設備故障表現及成因分析；（2）地下水監測終端設備故障表現及成因分析；（3）運行維護的建議。結果表明：國家地下水監測（云南）自運行以來，監測數據延遲、缺報主要受設備穩定性影響，急需將現有的2G設備通信模塊升級為 4G或者5G 通信模塊，并增加傳輸信道，作為現有GPRS、短消息通信方式的補充和備份，同時加強地下水專業人才隊伍建設才，從而提高監測的時效性。

　　關鍵詞：地下水；地下水監測站；運行維護；設備故障

Analysis on common failures and causes of groundwater monitoring equipment

ZHU Shanshan1, QIAN Jian1, CHENG Xuanyu2

(1. Kunmin Branch, Yunnan Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, Kunming 650051, China;

2. Beijing Jinshui Information Technology Development Co., Ltd., Beijing 100053, China)

　　Abstract： Groundwater is an important part of water resources. It is also an indispensable source for water supply and emergency drought relief. Groundwater monitoring can supply real-time information of groundwater level, water temperature and water quality, thus provides a decision-making basis for management department. Based on monitoring system structure, operations services and experience, combined with the problems such as data delay and missing reports which have occurred since the operation of Yunnan National Groundwater Monitoring Project (water conservancy part), the main research contents include: 1) fault performance and cause analysis of groundwater monitoring equipment; 2) fault performance and cause analysis of groundwater monitoring terminal equipment; 3) recommendations for operation and maintenance. Results show that since the running of National Groundwater Monitoring Project (Yunnan), monitoring data delay and missing reports are mainly affected by the stability of the equipment. There is an urgent need to upgrade the existing 2G device communication module to 4G or 5G communication module and add transmission channel, as the supplement and backup for existing GPRS and short message communication mode. At the same time, strengthening of the construction of the groundwater professional is also needed, so as to improve the timeliness of monitoring.

　　Keywords: groundwater, groundwater monitoring station, operation and maintenance, equipment failure