江瀾宏1，崔金鵬2，畢增鋒2

(1.江西省景德鎮市水文局，江西 景德鎮333000;2. 北京金水燕禹科技有限公司，北京 100089)

　　摘 要：為研究北斗衛星在超標準洪水等特殊惡劣自然環境情況下的水文數據通信情況，以2020年7月8日昌江流域超標準洪水監測中北斗衛星通信的實際應用為實例，對荷塘水文站點的北斗衛星與GPRS 2種通信信道在不同降雨級別情況下收發的雨水情數據進行對比分析，統計水文遙測數據時效性和暢通率，計算數據準確性，分析北斗衛星通信雨衰情況。經過對比分析，發現GPRS和北斗衛星 2種通信信道上報的數據準確性、暢通率基本一致，時效性方面北斗衛星相比GPRS信道略有延遲，北斗衛星信道在短時強降雨情況下仍然能穩定、成功地上報雨水情數據。結果表明：北斗衛星短報文通信，在超標準洪水時地面通信網絡中斷的情況下，能夠作為主信道GPRS的有效補充。

　　關鍵詞：北斗衛星通信;GPRS;短報文通信;雨水情數據傳輸;超標準洪水;監測

　　Application analysis of Beidou Satellite communication system flood exceeding designed level monitoring

　　JIANG Lanhong 1, CUI Jinpeng 2, BI Zengfeng 2

　　(1. Hydrological Bureau of Jingdezhen, Jiangxi Province, Jingdezhen 333000, China;

　　2. Beijing Jinshui Yanyu Technology Co., Ltd. Beijing 100089, China)

　　Abstracts: In order to study the hydrological data communication of Beidou satellite under the special harsh natural environment such as out-of-gauge flood, this paper takes the practical application of Beidou satellite communication in the out-of-gauge flood monitoring of Changjiang River Basin on July 8, 2020 as an example, compares and analyses the hydrological data sent and received by Beidou satellite and GPRS communication channels at Hetang hydrological station under different rainfall levels, makes statistics on timeliness and patency rate of hydrological telemetry data, calculates data accuracy, and analyzes rain fading of Beidou satellite communication. Through comparative analysis, it is found that the accuracy and petancy rate of data reported by GPRS and Beidou satellite are basically the same. Beidou satellite has a slight delay in timeliness compared with GPRS channel, and Beidou satellite channel can still report water and rain data stably and successfully under short and strong rainfall conditions. The results show that the short message communication function of Beidou Satellite can be used as an effective supplement for the main channel GPRS in case that ground communication network is down because of flood exceeding the designed level.

　　Key words: Beidou Satellite communication; GPRS; short messages communication; rainfall data transmission; out-of-gauge flood; monitoring