鄧柳言1，楊嵐1，譚俊鵬2

　　(1.廣西壯族自治區水文中心，廣西 南寧 530023;

　　2.河池水文中心，廣西 河池 547000)

　　摘要：河流水能資源梯級開發對水文站水文監測造成了較大的影響，水位流量關系變得散亂，在洪水漲落過程或水利工程回水影響期，現用的綜合水位流量關系法推算的實時流量可能出現較大偏差。為應對受水利工程回水等因素影響下的水文監測難題，探討用落差指數法對受影響水文站水位流量關系進行單值化處理，用實測水位信息推算出實時流量，從而實現流量在線監測。以珠江流域西江干流大湟江口水文站為例，用該站2017年以來的實測資料，對落差指數法有關參數進行率定，以單值化關系推算流量。分析結果表明:所推算流量的精度滿足規范要求，基本解決大湟江口水文站受影響后的流量實時在線監測和水文資料整編定線難題，可為開展西江干流潯江河段水情預警、生態流量監控、水文分析評價提供良好的實時流量信息支撐。

　　關鍵詞：水文站;水文監測;落差指數法;單值化;流量在線監測

　　Discussion on the application of fall index method for on-line discharge monitoring at Dahuang Jiangkou hydrological station

　　DENG Liuyan, YANG Lan, TAN Junpeng

　　(1. Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Hydrological Center, Nanning 530023, China;

　　2. Hechi Hydrological Center, Hechi 547000, China)

　　Abstract: The cascade development of river hydropower resources has a great impact on the monitoring of hydrological stations and the stage-discharge relationship has become scattered. The real-time discharge calculated by current integrated stage-discharge relationship method may have large deviations during flood fluctuations or backwater due to hydraulic projects. In order to deal with the influence of backwater, this paper discusses the fall index method, which uses single-valued processing of stage-discharge relationship so that on-line discharge monitoring is realized by directly calculating from real-time water level. Dahuang Jiangkou hydrological station is selected as a case study, which locates on the main channel of Xijiang River in the Pearl River Basin. Relevant parameters of fall index method are calibrated by historical data observed since 2017 and the discharge is calculated with single-valued relationship. The results show that accuracy of calculated discharge meets the specification requirements. The method can provide good real-time flow information support for early warning, ecological flow monitoring, hydrological analysis and evaluation of Xunjiang reach of Xijiang River.

　　Key words: hydrological station; hydrological monitoring; fall index method; single-valued processing; on-line flow monitoring