陳真玄1，張 怡2，楊 柳1，孟慶學3

　　(1.水利部信息中心，北京100053;

　　2.北京金水信息技術發展有限公司，北京100053;

　　3.北京沛海科技有限公司，北京100083)

　　摘 要：在當前國際形勢下，為避免核心技術受制于人，數據庫國產化是必然趨勢。分析目前國產數據庫的現狀、應用場景，數據庫國產化實施的難點及改造中面臨的問題，介紹國產數據庫的主要技術路線，分析主從、分布式等架構的技術特點和讀寫方式，以及數據同步、一致性、分片及分布式事務等具體實現原理，論述達夢、金倉、OceanBase和TBase等主流國產數據庫產品的技術背景及技術方案，并對幾款代表性的國產數據庫進行分析比較，提出水利行業數據庫選型的重點考慮因素，提供水利行業國產數據庫選型及遷移改造建議，為水利信息產業國產化推進過程中正在進行國產數據庫選型的用戶提供參考。

　　關鍵詞：數據庫;國產化;選型;主從架構;分布式架構;一致性;分布式事務;水利行業

　　Thoughts on selection of domestic database in water conservancy industry

　　CHEN Zhenxuan 1，ZHANG Yi 2，YANG Liu1，MENG Qingxue3

　　(1. Information Center，Ministry of Water Resources，Beijing 100053，China;

　　2. Beijing Jinshui Information Technology Development Co.，Ltd.，Beijing 100053，China;

　　3. Beijing PowehiDB Technology Co.，Ltd.，Beijing 100083，China)

　　Abstract: This paper summaries the present situation, applications, difficulties in the implementation of domestic database. The main technical routes of domestic databases, as well as the technical characteristics, read-write modes of master-slave and distributed framework, the implementation principles of data synchronization, data consistency, data fragmentation and distributed transaction are analyzed the technical background and technical proposal of mainstream domestic database such as DM database, KingbaseES, OceanBase, TBase and so on, are discussed and compared. When considering domestic database selection, the key factors in water conservancy industry should be addressed to better understand how to select domestic databases in the process of localization promoting in the water conservancy information industry.

　　Key words: domestic database;localization;selection; master-slave framework;distributed framework; consistency; distributed transaction;water conservancy industry